Ikeda Mariko

Affiliation
Faculty of Art and Design
Official title
Assistant Professor
ORCID
0000-0001-9435-9417
URL
Email
)@B<;8cD8I@BFc>KZieLcKJLBL98c8:cAG
Research fields
y Human geography
Art at large
Area studies
Tourism Studies
Geography
Research keywords
Urban Space, Culture, Berlin, Music, Consumption, Club, Night-time Economies, Night-life, Tourism
Research projects
夜の文化芸術の社会経済的機能に関する研究2021-09 -- 2024-03池田真利子国立研究開発法人科学技術振興機構戦略的創造研究推進事業（さきがけ）/パンデミックに対してレジリエントな社会・技術基盤の構築
「オンライン型講義と海外フィールドワーク型演習への参加を通しグローバルな研究力の養成と知のネットワーク形成を目指す交換留学プログラム」（タイプB）2022-01 -- (current)池田真利子JASSO/海外留学支援制度双方向タイプB13,440,000Yen
Creation and developing the operational model of international e-learning education and research resources on the Heritage sites2021-07 -- 2022-03Mariko Ikeda/2021年度教育戦略推進プロジェクト2,000,000Yen
Graphic Culture in Urban Space: Research on Linguistic Landscapes in Scene Districts2020-11 -- 2022-03IKEDA, Mariko.DNP Foundation for Cultural Promotion/2020 DNP Foundation for Cultural Promotion Graphic Culture Research Grant
Exploratory Research on Night-City-Music: Interdisciplinary Approach with Urban Policy, GIS and Fieldwork2020-08 -- (current)IKEDA, Mariko.Suntory Foundation/Grant for Collaborative Research in Humanities and Social Sciences
オンライン型講義と海外フィールドワーク型演習への参加を通しグローバルな研究力の養成と知のネットワーク形成を目指す交換留学プログラム2020-02 -- 2021-03Mariko IkedaJASSO/2021年度海外支援制度4,800,000Yen
Creation and developing the operational model of international e-learning education and research resources on the Heritage sites2020-07 -- 2021-03池田真利子2020年度教育戦略推進プロジェクト/1,720,000Yen
International Joint Research within younger generation for supporting the cultural and creative economies influenced by COVID-192020-06 -- 2021-03IKEDA, Mariko.Organization for the Support and Devlopement of Strategic Initiatives, University of Tsukuba/Program to Apply the Wisdom of the University to tackle COVID -19 Related Emergency Problems500,000Yen
Exploratory research on Restructuring of "Urban Night" in Europe2019-10 -- 2023-03IKEDA, Mariko.Japan Society of for the Promotion of Science/Fund for the Promotion of Joint Research (Fostering Joint International Research (B))6,110,000Yen
Graphic Culture in Urban Space: Research on Linguistic Landscapes in Scene Districts2019-11 -- 2021-03IKEDA, Mariko.DNP Foundation for Cultural Promotion/2019 DNP Foundation for Cultural Promotion Graphic Culture Research Grant
more...
Career history
2022-04 -- (current)Waseda UniversityFaculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences,Part-time Lecturer
2021-10 -- (current)National Science and Technology AgencySakigake Researcher (concurrent post)
2021-04 -- (current)University of TsukubaPresident OfficeOfficer
2020-04 -- 2021-03Rikkyo UniversityCollege of Arts, Department of HistoryLecturer
2017-04 -- 2017-09Osaka City UniversityGraduate School for Creative Cities, Urban Business Study CourseLecturer
2018-04 -- 2018-09Tokyo Metropolitan UniversityOpen UniversityLecturer
2017-09 -- 2019-03Rikkyo UniversityCollege of Arts, Department of HistoryLecturer
2017-04 -- 2020-03Japan Women's UniversityFaculty of Human Sciences and Design, Department of Housing and ArchitectureLecturer
2016-09 -- 2020-03Toin University of YokohamaFaculty of Law, Department of LawLecturer
2017-04 -- 2019-02JSPSTokyo Gakugei University, Faculty of EducationPostdoctoral Fellow
more...
Academic background
2013-01 -- 2014-01University of Bremen Institute of Geography Human Geography
2012-04 -- 2015-04University of Tsukuba Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science Doctoral Program in Geoenvironmental Sciences, Department of Human Geography
2010-04 -- 2011-03Free University of Berlin Department of Earth Sciences Institute of Geographical Sciences
2009-04 -- 2012-03University of Tsukuba Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science Doctoral Program in Geoenvironmental Sciences, Department of Human Geography
2005-08 -- 2005-09University of Bayreuth
2005-04 -- 2009-03University of Tsukuba 第二学群 College of Comparative Culture
Degree
2009-03Bachelor（Comparative Culture）University of Tsukuba
2012-03Master of ScienceUniversity of Tsukuba
2015-04-30Doctor of ScienceUniversity of Tsukuba
Licenses and qualifications
2012-03High School Specialized Teacher’s Certificate, Social Studies
2012-03Junior High School Specialized Teacher’s Certificate, Social Studies
2009-03Certificatio of Curetor
2009-03High School Teacher’s Certificate, English,Ⅰ
2009-03High School Teacher’s Certificate, Social Studies,Ⅰ
2009-03Junior High School Teacher’s Certificate, English, Ⅰ
2009-03Junior High School Teacher’s Certificate, Social Studies Teaching License for Junior High School, Social Studies,Ⅰ
Academic societies
2020-04 -- (current)Society of Art and Design
2019-08 -- (current)European Association for Japanese Studies
2019-05 -- (current)The Japanese Society of Urban Geography
2018-07 -- (current)JAPAN ASSOCIATION FOR CULTURAL ECONOMICS
2016-03 -- (current)JAPAN INSTITUTE OF TOURISM RESEARCH
2015-04 -- (current)TOKYO GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY
2012-03 -- (current)THE ASSOCIATION JAPANESE GEOGRAPHERS
2011-11 -- (current)THE HUMAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
2009-04 -- (current)Japan Association on Geographical Space
Honors & Awards
2021-02Award for the BEST FACULTY MEMBER 2020
2020-10Research Encourage Award for Young Faculty Member, University of Tsukuba
2019-06奨励賞
2019-03Prize of the Association of Japanese Geographers
2017-03Research Aid of Dr. Koji Kobayashi
Articles
  • 日本の文化創造産業の統計整備に向けた学術報告 ―民間公益文化セクターである大都市圏のライブハウス・クラブへのCOVID-19の影響分析に関する定性的調査に基づいて―
    池田 真利子; 柿沼由樹; 熊谷美咲
    Proceedings of Conference of Japan Association for Cultural Economics 2022, 2022-06
  • Rearticulating place and virtual space. An exploratory netnographical case study on hybrid music streaming: ‘Cercle’
    Ikeda Mariko; Morgner Christian
    Book of abstracts of the second International Conference of Night Studies, 2021-10
  • 台湾台北市旧大正町にみる日本の夜の街の言語景観
    池田 真利子
    2021年日本地理学会秋季学術大会日本地理学会発表要旨集, 2021-09
  • シンガポール・チャイナタウンにおける食文化の言語景観の商品化
    池田 真利子; 大畠拓真 于濰赫 柿沼由樹
    2021年日本地理学会秋季学術大会日本地理学会発表要旨集, 2021-09
  • Linguistic Landscape on the Night-time Tourist Street: the case of Weserstrasse in the former West Berlin district Neukölln, Berlin
    池田 真利子; 高濱佑太郎
    Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, 2021-09
  • ベルリン市の夜の観光街路における言語景観
    池田 真利子; 高濱佑太郎
    2021年地理空間学会第14回大会要旨集, 2021-06
  • Linguistic Landscape of Muslim Immigrants in Global cities: Place-making of the former West-Berlin Neukölln, Germany.
    Ikeda Mariko
    Full paper of 2022 IGU Urban Commission Annual Meeting: (Re-)Thinking cities and the urban: from the global to the local/pp.1-6, 2022-07
  • Trajectories and Challenges of Cultural Heritage Conservation in Historic Cairo Since the Mid-20th Century: Towards an Appropriate Conservation Approach for the Historic City
    El-Barbary. M.N.; 池田 真利子; 上北
    Geographical review of Japan series B/94(2)/pp.65-80, 2021-12
  • コロナ時代の夜間経済とナイトライフ観光―現況把握とポストコロナに向けた産学官連携の探索的意見交換―
    池田 真利子; 田中順也 小竹輝幸 金延景 坂本優紀 飯塚遼 太田慧
    観光研究/31(2)/pp.43-43, 2021-03
  • 海外活動報告，海外大学とのオンライン共同開講
    池田 真利子
    自然保護寄付講座Newsletter/7(6), 2021-03
  • ナイトライフ観光とナイトタイムエコノミーに関する成果報告－2年間の研究分科会活動と成果報告、そして今後に向けて－
    池田 真利子; 飯塚遼 磯野巧 卯田卓矢 太田慧 杉本興運 金延景 中川紗智 福井一喜
    観光研究/32(1)/pp.91-94, 2020-09
  • Immaterialities of the Jewish Heritage in modern society: Focusing on the cultural conservation movement in the former Eastern inner-city districts of Berlin
    Ikeda Mariko; Morgner Christian
    Book of Abstracts of the HERITAGE2020 7th International Conference on Heritage and Sustainable Development, 2020-11
  • Immaterialities of the Jewish Heritage in modern society: Focusing on the cultural conservation movement in the former Eastern inner-city districts of Berlin
    池田 真利子; Morgner Christian
    Full paper of HERITAGE2020 7th International Conference on Heritage and Sustainable Development, 2020-11
  • Current state and Problems of Utilization of Cultural Properties as 'Unique Venues'
    于潍赫; 池田 真利子
    2020年日本地理学会秋季学術大会ポスター発表, 2020-10
  • Change of Historic Districts Identity in the Context of Tourism Development: The Case of Khan El-Khalili District in Historic Cairo
    El-Barbary Mohamed N.; Ikeda Mariko; Uekita Yasufumi
    Full paper of HERITAGE2020 7th International Conference on Heritage and Sustainable Development, 2020-11
  • Change of Historic Districts Identity in the Context of Tourism Development: The Case of Khan El-Khalili District in Historic Cairo
    EL-BARBARY M.N.; Ikeda Mariko; Uekita Yasufumi
    Book of Abstracts of the HERITAGE2020 7th International Conference on Heritage and Sustainable Development, 2020-11
  • Cultural Policies and Night-times Economies in Germany/Berlin and Japan/Tokyo
    Morgner Christian; Ikeda Mariko
    Paper for the 1st International Conference of Night Studies/1(1)/pp.103-120, 2020-11
  • Emergence of local conflicts of world heritage sites in the Central Europe: the case of civic movement in Dresden Elbe valley
    Qu Fangxin; EL-BARBARY M.N.; Ikeda Mariko
    Book of Abstracts of the HERITAGE2020 7th International Conference on Heritage and Sustainable Development, 2020-11
  • Emergence of local conflicts of world heritage sites in the Central Europe: the case of civic movement in Dresden Elbe valley
    QU F.; EL-BARBARY M.N.; Ikeda Mariko
    Full paper of HERITAGE2020 7th International Conference on Heritage and Sustainable Development, 2020-11
  • Cultural Policies and Night-times Economies in Germany/Berlin and Japan/Tokyo
    Morgner Christian; 池田 真利子
    Book of Abstracts of the International Conference of Night Studies, 2020-10
  • Exploratory Research on "Night" in Urban and Cultural Policy: the Rise of "Night-time Economies" in the European Countries
    池田 真利子; Morgner Christian
    Full paper of Conference of Japan Association for Cultural Economics/pp.1-10, 2020-06
  • Exploratory Research on "Night" in Urban and Cultural Policy: the Rise of "Night-time Economies" in the European Countries
    池田 真利子; Morgner Christian
    Proceedings of Conference of Japan Association for Cultural Economics/pp.1-2, 2020-06
  • Geographies of the Night in Japan
    池田 真利子
    Geospace space/12(3)/pp.295-297, 2019
    CiNii
  • Current state and Problems of Utilization of Cultural Properties as 'Unique Venues'
    于 濰赫; 池田 真利子
    Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers/2020/p.146, 2020
    CiNii
  • Music and Spaces in Global City Berlin
    Bastian Lange; 池田 真利子
    Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers/2020/p.186, 2020
    CiNii
  • more...
Books
  • 10章 COVID-19下の創造性と芸術表現
    池田 真利子
    ポスト・コロナ学　パンデミックと社会の変化・連続性、そして未来/明石書店, 2022-04
  • 若者のナイトライフツーリズム
    池田 真利子
    現代観光地理学への誘い――観光地を読み解く視座と実践/ナカニシヤ出版/pp.110-111, 2021-12
  • 13章 若者のナイトライフと音楽観光―クラブ・ライブハウスに着目して―
    池田 真利子
    若者と地域観光/東洋大学出版会/pp.176-190, 2021-04
  • コロナ時代の研究とフィールドワークの再考
    池田 真利子; Morgner Christian; Rellensman Luise
    地理/pp.51-55, 2020-10
  • 自然のなかの光と音の観光
    坂本優紀; 池田 真利子; 磯野巧; 卯田卓矢; 柿沼由樹
    地理/pp.43-50, 2020-10
  • 夜のウォーターフロントの再編とナイトライフ
    太田慧; 飯塚遼; 杉本興運; 池田 真利子
    地理/pp.20-27, 2020-10
  • コロナ時代の夜間音楽経済
    池田 真利子; 田中順也 小竹輝幸 小林愛 A.TEMESGAN
    地理/pp.13-19, 2020-10
  • コロナ時代の「夜」の地理学－音楽と音の紡ぐ未来
    池田 真利子
    地理/pp.4-12, 2020-10
  • 文化の集積と発信を続けるヨーロッパ
    池田 真利子
    世界地誌１１　ヨーロッパ, 2019-03
  • 欧州文化首都（European Capital of Culture）と都市活性化事業
    池田 真利子
    世界地誌１１　ヨーロッパ/朝倉書店, 2019-03
  • Developing a Sustainable Eco-City in Pre-Olympic Tokyo: Potential of New Methods and Their Limits in an Urban Era
    Ikeda Mariko; Vargas-Hernández José G. and Zdunek-Wielgo...
    Bioeconomical Solutions and Investments in Sustainable City Development/IGI Grobal Publishing/pp.196-223, 2019-03
  • Artists as Initiators of Urban Transformation: Are Gentrification and Touristification Inevitable? A Case Study of the Reuter Quarter in Neukölln, Berlin
    Ikeda Mariko; Murzyn-Kupisz M. and Działek J.
    The Impact of Artists on Contemporary Urban Development in Europe/Springer/pp.67-90, 2017-04
  • 第４章第２節 機械金属工業の構造変容と技術基盤
    遠藤 貴美子; 上坂 元紀; 池田 真利子; 藤田 和史
    須坂市誌第二巻地誌・民俗編/須坂市/pp.386-395, 2014-03
  • Human Geographical Study on the Transformation of Urban Space in Berlin: The Emergence of Conflicts over Cultural and Creative Spaces in the Former Border Area between East and West Berlin
    Ikeda Mariko
    Dissertation in Doctoral Program in Geoenvironmental Sciences，Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences，University of Tsukuba, 2015-04
Conference, etc.
  • Studio as a third workplace for nomadic musicians
    池田 真利子; 熊谷美咲; 柿沼由樹
    RGS-IBG Annual International Conference 2022/2022-08-30
  • Olympic games and the Emergence of “Night-time Economies” in the Cities of Global North
    池田 真利子
    Olympic Games and Global Cities, Session 3: From Tokyo to Paris: The Games as a urban policy resources ?/2021-12-07--2021-12-07
  • Current Status and Challenges for the Recovery of the Nighttime Music Economy in Post-COVID-19
    Ikeda Mariko; Morgner Christian
    RGS-IBG Annual International Conference 2021/2021-08-31--2021-09-03
  • From "Japanese" to "Tokyo-jin": Contemporary Japanese cultural identity and artistic expression in the Olympic Games opening ceremony,
    Ikeda Mariko; Morgner Christian
    From "Japanese" to "Tokyo-jin": Contemporary Japanese cultural identity and artistic expression in the Olympic Games opening ceremony,/2021-07-01--2021-07-01
  • Temporary Uses as a Toolkit for Heritage-led Sustainable Urban Development
    池田 真利子
    International Online Conference of 50 Years World Heritage Convention Shared Responsibility – Conflict & Reconciliation. Institute Heritage Studies/2021-06-22--2021-06-22
  • Rearticulating place and virtual space. An exploratory netnographical case study on hybrid music streaming: ‘Cercle’
    Ikeda Mariko; Morgner Christian
    Second International Conference of Night Studies/2021-10--2021-10
  • 台湾台北市旧大正町にみる日本の夜の街の言語景観
    池田 真利子; 熊谷美咲，山下書子，姚 矞馨
    2021年日本地理学会秋季学術大会日本地理学会発表要旨集/2021-09
  • シンガポール・チャイナタウンにおける食文化の言語景観の商品化
    池田 真利子; 大畠拓真 于濰赫 柿沼由樹
    2021年日本地理学会秋季学術大会日本地理学会発表要旨集/2021-09
  • Linguistic Landscape on the Night-time Tourist Street: the case of Weserstrasse in the former West Berlin district Neukölln, Berlin
    池田 真利子; 高濱佑太郎
    Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers/2021-09--2021-09
  • ベルリン市の夜の観光街路における言語景観
    池田 真利子; 高濱佑太郎
    2021年地理空間学会第14回大会/2021-06
  • Temporary Uses as a Toolkit for Heritage-led Sustainable Urban Development
    Ikeda Mariko
    Workshop of 50 Years World Heritage Convention Shared Responsibility – Conflict & Reconciliation/2021-03-05--2021-03-05
  • コロナ時代の夜間経済とナイトライフ観光－現況把握とポストコロナに向けた産学官連携の探索的意見交換－
    池田 真利子
    日本観光研究学会第36回全国大会WS/2020-12-05--2020-12-05
  • グローバル・ノースの「夜」と音楽―夜の時間‐空間を多角的に捉える―
    池田 真利子
    2020年日本地理学会秋季学術大会シンポジウムS3/2020-11-06--2020-11-06
  • ‘Night’ and music on Global North: Beyond fixation of ‘city’ and ‘nature’
    池田 真利子; 坂本 優紀・杉本 興運・田中 順也・Morgner Christian
    2020年日本地理学会秋季学術大会シンポジウムS3「グローバル・ノースの「夜」と音楽：夜の時間―空間を多角的に捉える」/2020-11-06--2020-11-06
  • Music in Global North: Electro Music Overcoming Time-Space?
    池田 真利子; 田中 順也・小竹 輝幸・Temesgen Assefa
    2020年日本地理学会秋季学術大会シンポジウムS3「グローバル・ノースの「夜」と音楽：夜の時間―空間を多角的に捉える」/2020-11-06--2020-11-06
  • The circumstances of inbound tourism and night-time economies in Winter resorts-Focusing on music space in Hakuba, Nagano
    坂本優紀; 池田 真利子
    2020年日本地理学会秋季学術大会シンポジウムS3「グローバル・ノースの「夜」と音楽：夜の時間―空間を多角的に捉える」/2020-11-06--2020-11-06
  • Current state and Problems of Utilization of Cultural Properties as 'Unique Venues'
    于潍赫; 池田 真利子
    2020年日本地理学会秋季学術大会ポスター発表/2020-10-10--2020-11-22
  • Characteristics of Linguistic Landscape in Daikanyama: Change of Residence in Hip Quarter, Daikanyama
    松井茜; Jermphipha Natnitcha; 上北恭史; 黒田乃生; 池田 真利子
    Proceeding of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers/2020-03-27--2020-03-28
  • How Language and Font shape the Urban Landscape: Case study of Linguistic Landscape of Cafés and Coffee shops in Daikanyama, Shibuya-ward
    升一亜海; 張黎明; 于潍赫; 吉田正人; 池田 真利子
    General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers/2020-03-27--2020-03-29
  • Final Report of Research Group for Night-life Tourism and Night-time Economy
    池田 真利子; 坂本優紀
    研究懇話会/2020-01-25--2020-01-25
  • Landscape at Night: Invisible Night and Experienced Darkness
    Ikeda Mariko; Sakamoto Yuki
    EAJS Panel Section A: Anthropology/ Social Sciences/ Urban & Environmental Studies/2019-09-14--2019-09-15
  • Night Becoming Legal? The Rise of “Night-time Tourism” in Tokyo
    池田 真利子
    EAJS Panel Section A: Anthropology/ Social Sciences/ Urban & Environmental Studies/2019-09-14--2019-09-15
  • Geographies of the Night in Japan
    Ikeda Mariko
    EAJS Panel Section A: Anthropology/ Social Sciences/ Urban & Environmental Studies/2019-9-14--2019-9-15
  • Squatting and Place Recreation in Post-wall Berlin: Cultural Practices of Art and Techno Music in East Berlin
    池田 真利子
    Symposium ”Dynamism of City and Art”/2019-01-19--2019-01-19
  • Gentrification and Creativity in Startup city Berin
    池田 真利子
    General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers/2018-09-22--2018-09-25
  • more...
Teaching
2022-10 -- 2023-02Advanced Research in International Heritage StudiesUniversity of Tsukuba.
2022-04 -- 2022-08Advanced Research in International Heritage StudiesUniversity of Tsukuba.
2022-10 -- 2023-02Internship in the Field of HeritageUniversity of Tsukuba.
2022-04 -- 2022-08Internship in the Field of HeritageUniversity of Tsukuba.
2023-01 -- 2023-02Role of International Organizations and NGOsUniversity of Tsukuba.
2022-10 -- 2022-10Unesco and the World Heritage ConventionUniversity of Tsukuba.
2022-10 -- 2022-12Citizens' Participation for EnvironmentUniversity of Tsukuba.
2022-04 -- 2022-08Special Research for World Heritage StudiesUniversity of Tsukuba.
2022-10 -- 2023-02Special Research for World Heritage StudiesUniversity of Tsukuba.
2022-04 -- 2022-08Special Seminar on World Heritage StudiesUniversity of Tsukuba.
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Other educational activities
2022-01 -- 2022-03Selection Committee of the Art Writer Award for High School StudentsSchool of Art and Design, University of Tsukuba
2020-01 -- 2020-01道頓堀ナイトカルチャー創造協議会ヒアリング道頓堀ナイトカルチャー創造協議会
2021-02 -- 2021-03The Art Writer Award for High School Students (Essays in English)School of Art & Design, University of Tsukuba
2019-12 -- 2020-01The Art Writer Award for High School Students (Essays in Japanese)School of Art & Design, University of Tsukuba
2019-10 -- 2019-10Architectural Conservation PracticeBrandeburgische Technische Universität Cottbus Senftenberg
Professional activities
2022-08 -- (current)JAPAN INSTITUTE OF TOURISM RESEARCHMember of Award Committee
2022-08 -- (current)JAPAN INSTITUTE OF TOURISM RESEARCHMember of Academic Committee
2021-06 -- (current)世界遺産の百科事典編集委員会幹事
2022-04 -- (current)Association of Japanese GeographersEditorial board of Geographical Review of Japan Series B
2020-07 -- (current)Japan Association on Geographical SpaceCouncilor
2018-04 -- 2022-03THE ASSOCIATION JAPANESE GEOGRAPHERSA Publicity Committee
2017-04 -- 2018-03THE ASSOCIATION JAPANESE GEOGRAPHERSGeneral Committee
2012-04 -- 2018-05Japan Association on Geographical SpaceA Publicity Committee
University Management
2022-04 -- (current)Committee of Graduate General Education CoursesCommittee member
2022-04 -- (current)Master's and Doctoral Program of Heritage StudiesCurriculum committee
2021-10 -- (current)General Strategy Office of the Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of TsukubaCommittee member
2020-04 -- (current)Harassment counselor
2019-03 -- (current)Working Group of CPNC courseMember of working group
2019-02 -- (current)Steering committee of Certificate Programme on Nature Conservation, University of TsukubaCommittee member
2019-02 -- (current)Editorial board of the Journal of World Heritage StudiesEditorial committee
2019-02 -- (current)Committee of the Center for Diversity, Accessibility and Career DevelopmentCommittee member
2020-04 -- 2022-03Working Group of International Strategic CommitteeOfficer
2020-04 -- 2022-03Online Support Committee
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(Last updated: 2022-12-06)